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　　空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)器是利(li)用(yong)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)熱(re)流體(ti)(ti)的(de)換(huan)熱(re)器。管內的(de)熱(re)流體(ti)(ti)通過管壁和翅片(pian)與(yu)管外空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)進行換(huan)熱(re)，所用(yong)的(de)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)通常(chang)由通風機供給。空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)器可(ke)用(yong)于冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)或冷(leng)(leng)凝(ning)(ning)，廣泛應用(yong)于：煉油、石油化工塔(ta)頂蒸氣(qi)(qi)的(de)冷(leng)(leng)凝(ning)(ning)；回流油、塔(ta)底油的(de)冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)；各種反(fan)應生成物的(de)冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)；循環氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)的(de)冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)和電(dian)站汽輪機排氣(qi)(qi)的(de)冷(leng)(leng)凝(ning)(ning)。工作(zuo)壓(ya)力(li)可(ke)達69兆帕。但耗電(dian)量、噪聲和占地面積均大(da)，冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)受氣(qi)(qi)候變化影(ying)響較大(da)。

　　結構

　　管(guan)(guan)束包(bao)括傳(chuan)熱(re)管(guan)(guan)、管(guan)(guan)箱(xiang)、側(ce)梁(liang)和(he)(he)(he)橫梁(liang)等。它(ta)可(ke)按臥(wo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、立式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)(he)斜頂(ding)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)（人字式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)）3種基本形式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)布置(zhi)。其(qi)中(zhong)，臥(wo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)布置(zhi)傳(chuan)熱(re)面(mian)積(ji)大，空(kong)氣(qi)分(fen)布均勻，傳(chuan)熱(re)好；斜頂(ding)布置(zhi)時，通(tong)(tong)風(feng)機(ji)安裝在人字空(kong)間(jian)，占地面(mian)積(ji)小(xiao)，結(jie)構(gou)緊(jin)湊。為(wei)抵消空(kong)氣(qi)側(ce)的(de)(de)(de)給(gei)熱(re)系(xi)數較(jiao)低的(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)，通(tong)(tong)常采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)光(guang)管(guan)(guan)外壁裝翅片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)子。翅片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)管(guan)(guan)作為(wei)傳(chuan)熱(re)管(guan)(guan)，可(ke)以擴大傳(chuan)熱(re)面(mian)積(ji)。翅片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)管(guan)(guan)分(fen)層排(pai)(pai)列(lie)，其(qi)兩端(duan)(duan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)焊接(jie)或(huo)脹(zhang)接(jie)方法連接(jie)在管(guan)(guan)箱(xiang)上。排(pai)(pai)管(guan)(guan)一般為(wei)3～8排(pai)(pai)。管(guan)(guan)束系(xi)列(lie)尺寸長(chang)達(da)12米。光(guang)管(guan)(guan)外徑常為(wei)25毫米和(he)(he)(he)38毫米，翅片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)高(gao)(gao)度一般取12～15毫米，管(guan)(guan)束寬為(wei)100～3000毫米。翅片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)管(guan)(guan)是空(kong)氣(qi)冷卻(que)器的(de)(de)(de)核心(xin)元件(jian)，其(qi)形式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)(he)材料(liao)直接(jie)影響(xiang)設備性能。管(guan)(guan)子可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)碳鋼、銅(tong)(tong)、鋁(lv)和(he)(he)(he)不銹鋼等制(zhi)成；翅片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)材料(liao)根據(ju)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)環境(jing)和(he)(he)(he)制(zhi)造工(gong)藝來確定，大多用(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)業純鋁(lv)，在防腐蝕(shi)要(yao)求很高(gao)(gao)或(huo)在制(zhi)造工(gong)藝條(tiao)件(jian)特殊(shu)的(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)下也采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)銅(tong)(tong)或(huo)不銹鋼。翅片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)可(ke)按橫向或(huo)縱向排(pai)(pai)列(lie)。翅片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)基本形式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有：繞片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、鑲片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、軋片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、套片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、焊片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、橢圓(yuan)管(guan)(guan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、紊流式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)（包(bao)括輪輻式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、開槽形和(he)(he)(he)波(bo)紋(wen)形等）。管(guan)(guan)箱(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)結(jie)構(gou)主要(yao)有法蘭式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、管(guan)(guan)堵式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)(he)集(ji)合(he)管(guan)(guan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。一般前者用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)中(zhong)低壓，后兩者用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)高(gao)(gao)壓。為(wei)適(shi)應管(guan)(guan)束的(de)(de)(de)熱(re)膨脹(zhang)，一端(duan)(duan)管(guan)(guan)箱(xiang)不固定，容許沿管(guan)(guan)長(chang)方向位移(yi)。通(tong)(tong)風(feng)機(ji)通(tong)(tong)常采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)軸流通(tong)(tong)風(feng)機(ji)。

　　通風方式

　　通(tong)風有鼓風和(he)引(yin)風兩種方(fang)(fang)式。①鼓風式：空氣先流(liu)(liu)(liu)經通(tong)風機后(hou)(hou)流(liu)(liu)(liu)入(ru)(ru)管(guan)束。②引(yin)風式：空氣先流(liu)(liu)(liu)經管(guan)束后(hou)(hou)流(liu)(liu)(liu)入(ru)(ru)通(tong)風機。前者操(cao)作費用較經濟，產生的(de)(de)湍流(liu)(liu)(liu)對(dui)傳熱有利，使用較多。后(hou)(hou)者氣流(liu)(liu)(liu)分(fen)布均勻，有利于溫度控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)，噪聲小，是發(fa)展的(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)向。熱流(liu)(liu)(liu)體出口溫度主要靠調(diao)(diao)節(jie)通(tong)過管(guan)束的(de)(de)風量來(lai)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)，即調(diao)(diao)節(jie)葉片的(de)(de)傾角、通(tong)風機轉(zhuan)速和(he)百葉窗(chuang)的(de)(de)開啟程度等。對(dui)冬(dong)季易凝(ning)、易凍的(de)(de)流(liu)(liu)(liu)體，可采用熱風循環或蒸汽加(jia)熱的(de)(de)辦法調(diao)(diao)節(jie)流(liu)(liu)(liu)體出口溫度。

　　基本形式

　　空(kong)氣(qi)冷卻(que)器翅片管(guan)(guan)的基本形(xing)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)：套片式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、繞片式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、軋片式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、焊片式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、橢圓管(guan)(guan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、鑲片式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、紊流式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、輪輻式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、開槽(cao)形(xing)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)波(bo)紋形(xing)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。空(kong)氣(qi)冷卻(que)器的管(guan)(guan)箱結構主要(yao)有(you)法蘭(lan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、管(guan)(guan)堵式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和集合(he)管(guan)(guan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。一般法蘭(lan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)于(yu)中(zhong)低(di)壓(ya)，管(guan)(guan)堵式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和集合(he)管(guan)(guan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)于(yu)高壓(ya)。